Neurosciences - April 2014 Archives

JACKSONVILLE, Fla. — Neuroscientists at Mayo Clinic in Florida have defined a subtype of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) that they say is neither well recognized nor treated appropriately. http://youtu.be/w4xQeNQVFoc The variant, called hippocampal sparing AD, made up 11 percent of the 1,821 AD-confirmed brains examined by Mayo Clinic researchers — suggesting this subtype is relatively widespread in the general population. The Alzheimer’s Association estimates that 5.2 million Americans are living with AD. And with nearly half of hippocampal sparing AD patients being misdiagnosed, this could mean that well over 600,000 Americans make up this AD variant, researchers say.

SCOTTSDALE, Ariz. — Apathy and agitation among otherwise healthy senior citizens may be an early sign of a condition leading to dementia, according to a study from Mayo Clinic published this month in the American Journal of Psychiatry. Mayo researchers conducted a five-year prospective study to estimate the effect of initial neuropsychiatric symptoms to develop mild cognitive impairment. MCI is the intermediate stage between normal aging and dementia. People with MCI can develop dementia at a rate of 10 to 15 percent per year compared with 1 to 2 percent in the general population. Researchers looked at data from the Mayo Clinic Study on Aging conducted in the early 2000s to compare behavioral symptoms to physiology from more than 10,000 people age 70 and above. Researchers studied psychiatric symptoms — agitation, apathy, anxiety, irritability and depression — at the baseline of the study and then again after five years to see if there were signs of MCI. It was determined that these baseline psychiatric symptoms are better predictors of increasing the risk of incident mild cognitive impairment than even physiological biomarkers, says study author Yonas Geda, M.D., a professor of Neurology and Psychiatry at Mayo Clinic in Arizona. http://youtu.be/MizMgO9f-KE Journalists: Soundbites of Dr. Geda discussing the research are available in the downloads.

ROCHESTER, Minn. — Mayo Clinic research studying the relationship between death and the two types of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) suggests that people who have these conditions die at a higher rate than people without MCI. The research was released today and will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology’s 66th Annual Meeting  in Philadelphia, April 26 to May 3, 2014. For the study, 862 people with thinking problems and 1,292 with no thinking problems between the ages of 70 and 89 were followed for nearly six years. Over the course of the study, 331 of the group with MCI and 224 of the group without MCI died. Those who had either type of MCI had an 80 percent higher death rate during the study than those without MCI.  People with MCI with no memory loss had more than twice the death rate during the study than those without MCI, while people with MCI with memory loss had a 68 percent higher death rate during the study than those without MCI.

A verba de US$ 39,5 milhões para financiar o estudo do AVC é uma das maiores já concedidas a pesquisadores da Mayo Clinic na Flórida. JACKSONVILLE, Flórida — Medicamentos são tão seguros e eficazes quanto a cirurgia ou implante de stent para prevenir um acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), causado pelo acúmulo de placas nas artérias carótidas? Isso é o que o neurologista da Clínica Mayo na Jacksonville, Flórida, Thomas G. Brott quer descobrir. “Essa é uma pergunta fundamental”, diz Thomas Brott. “A qualidade dos medicamentos que temos hoje indicam que não é mais necessário realizar procedimentos invasivos em pacientes que não apresentam sinais de advertência de AVC. Mais de 100.000 cirurgias das carótidas e de implante de stents nas artérias carótidas são realizadas todos os anos nos Estados Unidos, em pacientes em risco — e isso pode não ser necessário”, ele afirma.

https://youtu.be/bbNqjSGG0uI The $39.5-million grant to fund stroke study is one of largest ever awarded to investigators at Mayo Clinic in Florida  JACKSONVILLE, Fla. — Is medicine as safe and effective as surgery or stenting in preventing a stroke caused by the buildup of plaque in the carotid artery? Thomas G. Brott, M.D., a neurologist at Mayo Clinic in Florida, aims to find out. “It’s a critical question. The quality medicines we have today may mean that it is not necessary to perform invasive procedures on patients who do not have warning signs of stroke,” Dr. Brott says. “More than 100,000 carotid surgeries and carotid artery stentings are performed each year in the United States on such patients at risk — and that may not be necessary.” To find the answer, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) has awarded Dr. Brott and his colleague, James Meschia, M.D., $39.5 million — one of the largest grants ever awarded to Mayo Clinic in Florida investigators. The grant funds a seven-year clinical trial that will enroll 2,480 patients in 120 centers in the United States, Canada, Europe and Australia. The study, known as CREST-2, is expected to begin enrolling patients this summer. Management of the patient data and the statistical analysis will be carried out at the University of Alabama at Birmingham under the direction of George Howard, Dr.PH.

Growing Stem Cells in Space to Treat Stroke Patients Abba Zubair, M.D., Ph.D., medical and scientific director of the Cell Therapy Laboratory, at Mayo Clinic in Florida, was recently awarded a grant to send human stem cells in space to see if they grow more rapidly in space than stem cells grown on Earth. Dr. Noseworthy on "Opening Bell with Maria Bartiromo" John Noseworthy, M.D., President and CEO of Mayo Clinic, discussed the future of health care on "Opening Bell With Maria Bartiromo” along with Douglas Holtz-Eakin, president of American Action Former and former Congressional Budget Office director. Dr. Noseworthy explained how we are facing a time of unprecedented change in the health care system and that we are just beginning to take our first steps in this long journey. Preparing for the Future of Health Care How does a health care organization prepare for the challenges ahead in the future? John Noseworthy, M.D., CEO and president of Mayo Clinic, shared his perspectives on the Twin Cities Public Television’s (tpt) acclaimed weekly public affairs show, Almanac.